Introduction
In today’s IoT landscape, dependable connectivity is key for businesses using IoT SIMs. MVNOs, which provide mobile network services without owning their own infrastructure, often offer SIMs that connect to multiple MNO (Mobile Network Operator) networks. Hence naming it “Global Roaming”. However, some MVNOs use a method called SIM steering to influence which network the SIM connects to. In this blog, we’ll explore what SIM steering is, why it’s used, and the downsides it can create for businesses and IoT applications.
What is SIM Steering?
SIM steering is a technique used by MVNOs to control which mobile network an IoT SIM connects to. Typically, MVNOs offer multi-network SIMs that can roam across different networks. However, instead of letting the SIM connect to the strongest or most suitable available network, SIM steering allows the MVNO to prioritize certain networks for business or cost reasons.
For example, even if Network A has better coverage or stronger signal quality in a specific location, the MVNO might “steer” the SIM toward Network B to reduce costs.
Why Do MVNOs Use SIM Steering?
• Cost optimisation: MVNOs often have different agreements with various MNOs. They may steer connections to the MNO with more favourable rates.
• Business agreements: Some MVNOs may have strategic partnerships with specific MNOs, incentivizing them to prioritize certain networks.
• Network load management: Steering can also help manage network load, distributing SIMs across different networks to avoid congestion.
Disadvantages of SIM Steering for IoT Applications
While SIM steering might make sense from a business perspective for MVNOs, it presents several challenges for IoT users, particularly those relying on robust, always-on connectivity.
1. Reduced Network Quality
• Forced connection to weaker networks: SIM steering may force an IoT device to connect to a network with subpar signal strength, even when a stronger network is available. This results in higher latency, increased data loss, or even complete connection failures, which can disrupt critical IoT operations.
• Impact on real-time applications: Applications like remote monitoring, smart sensors, and industrial IoT solutions require low-latency connections. Poor network choices due to SIM steering can hinder performance.
2. Reduced Network Reliability
• Delayed switching: Some MVNOs implement delays before allowing the SIM to switch to a different network, even if the initial connection drops or becomes unstable. This can lead to prolonged downtime in IoT systems.
• Intermittent coverage: In cases where coverage is patchy, SIM steering can prevent the SIM from using multiple networks as intended, further reducing the reliability of the connection.
3. Lack of Control
• User has no visibility: Many businesses using IoT SIMs have no control over or visibility into the networks to which their devices are connected. This makes troubleshooting connectivity issues more challenging, especially in cases where SIM steering is causing the problem.
• Limited customisation: Some businesses may want to prioritize certain networks based on their own service requirements, but SIM steering removes that flexibility.
4. Increased Costs
• Roaming inefficiencies: If an IoT SIM is steered toward an international network when a local one is available, it may result in higher roaming fees, unnecessarily increasing operational costs.
• Data usage inefficiencies: Connectivity issues caused by steering can also lead to retries and excess data usage, further driving up costs.
How to Mitigate SIM Steering Challenges
1. Choose IoT SIM providers with transparent policies
Opt for MVNOs or IoT SIM suppliers that provide transparency about their network steering practices and offer a choice of networks without forcing connections based on price alone.
2. Opt for Multi-IMSI SIMs
Multi-IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) SIMs offer enhanced flexibility by allowing the SIM to use multiple profiles, ensuring better network choices and less susceptibility to steering.
3. Test network performance
Before committing to an MVNO, test the performance of their IoT SIMs across various regions and environments to ensure that SIM steering does not negatively affect your operations. The SENTRY and SNYPER will capture this data for you to ensure that the right network is for you.
